Refrigerator and method of manufacturing the same



E. BOEHM.

REFRIGERATOR AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME. APPLICATION FILED MAR 20. 1920.- 1,378,008. Patented May 17,1921,

2 SH EETSSHEET 1.

saw al' l onleg 5., BYOEHM. REFRIGERATOR AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME. 1,378,003.

APPLICATION FILED MAR Z0, I920.

Patented May 17, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- UNITED stares PAT N OFFICE? nnwnnnnonniu, or TAMPA, FLORIDA.

REFRIGERATOR AND METHOD or MANUFACTURING THE SAME."

To all whom it may concern: v a

Be it known that I, EDWARD Bonrnvr, a citizen of the United States of America, and resident of Tampa, Hillsborough county,

and'State of Florida, have invented certain 7 new and ,useful Improvementsm and Rein the art in the light of the following explanation of the accompanying drawings illustrating what I now believe to be theprevferred mechanical expression or embodiment of my invention from among other forms, constructions and arrangements within the spirit and scope thereof, and of the preferred method followed in the production thereof.

An object of the invention is to provide a refrigerator box or casing or the like composed in whole or in' part ofstoneware or porcelain (so-called) walls built up ofassembled ceramic blocks united into a homogeneous or integral mass by fusing suitable intervening material 'under comparatively high temperature,

And a further object of-the invention is to provide a comparatively simple and efiicient method for the productionof the hereinbefore mentioned product.

With theseand other objects in view my inventionconsists in certain formations, constructions and arrangements and the method of producing the same substantially as hereinafter set forth and specified.-

In the accompanying drawlngs which,

somewhat diagrammaticallyillustrate an embodiment of theinvention.and'product of casing.

the method,

. Figure 1 1s a front elevation of a box or Fig. 2 is an edge elevation thereof. I 1 Fig. 3 is a horizontal section, the tiles or blocks being shown in top plan A Fig. 4: is a detail view of one of the stoneware blocks or tiles, partially broken awa . l y present invention contemplates as sembling, fitting and cementing together stoneware, (or the like material) blocks (tiles) to form the'inclosing walls of a case Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 20, 1920. Serial No. 367,464.

kPatented May 17, 1921.

"or box (such. as arefrigerator) then firing the case or boxso constructed, up to the necessary temperature to fuse thecementwithout breaking down the stoneware blocks, with the end inview of uniting the blocks, through the medium of the fused ce-;

ment, to form, 'what in effect will be,:a one These i divid ally-completed f, reviously:

piece or homogeneous stoneware or porcefinished stoneware blocks are assembled and fitted together to form the desired inclosing structure, preferably embodying bottom,

top, and vertical front, back and sidewalls 1 1 2,2, and? .lThe blocks, when fitted,

together, are laid in any s0-called putty, mortar. or cement suitable for accomplish mg the purposes of my-:invention, e. a

' cement which on dryingor setting will hold the blocks together until such cement is fused, and that when fused will serve to unite the blocks toform a one piece or homogeneous porcelain or stoneware mass. I prefer to employ a cement that will fuse at a high temperature butaat a temperaturelower than the temperature employed 11']. firlng the blocks, a'temperature slightly lowerthan thetemperature at which said blocks will fuse. Forinstance, I usuallyem-,

ploy. a uniting medium (herein termed a cement that will fuse at say, approximately nineteen hundred degrees Fah. where i the previously finished blocks employed were vitrified at a temperature, say,of about twenty three hundred degrees .F ah. I

' Forinstance, I canemploy a cement composed of say approximately three parts grog (calcined-kaolin, 1. ground. fine) thoroughly mixedwithsay-about one and one half-parts or plasticity. .The cement, when applied is of approximately the consistency of soft putty-so that it can be'easily manipulated and spread on the mortar bedsjofthe blocks. Thiscement on becoming dryor set will bind the blocks together against separation when {of red lead mixed with sufficient water glass to make the cement of the desired consistency the blocks.

. exposed to a maximum temperature slightly "F or instance, the temperture of thekiln is run-up to approximately nineteen hundred degrees, Fah. to fuse the particular cement- 1 hereinbefore described, but without breaking down the blocksand without reducing the cement to such a degree of fluldity as to permit it to run out of the joints between amanner and for such 'a-length'of time, that on cooling,'-the resulting'structure is a one pieceor homogeneous mass or body of prefsuitably glazed after the completion of the erably white stoneware. v

, The outer surfaces ofthe structure can be structure, or the surfaces of the stoneware blocks that are exposed in the completed structure, can be glazed before the ,blocks are assembled to build up the structure.

After completion of the stoneware body,

- inside partitions'and ice supports, andoutside doorscan be applied and fitted in any suitable manner. and by any desirable means.

The stoneware blocks or tiles employed in building'up the structure can be of any suitable formation and shape. 'However, I

prefer to employ tiles or comparatively thin 'bloeksthat will form several insulating air spaces between the inner and outer surfaces of each wall and that will produce imperforate walls without joints between blocks extending completelythrough the wall from one surface to the other thereof.

I also prefer to form each wall of several parallel series orlayers'of hollow blocks, one layer forming one side or surface of the wall and the other layer forming the other surface or. layer of the wall, with the two layers interlocking midway betweenjthe opposite sidesof the wall, 2". 6., within the wall.

In the particular embodiment illustrated, 'I'show hollow blocks closedat one .end a, and open at the other end, and each having a flat closed outer side wall a to form an area of one side face of 'awall of the completed structure; two opposite edge faces I) providing cement'bed 0 throughout the lengths of said edge faces and adjoining the face of outer side wall a; a cement bed formed by v the closed end a of the block, and acement ing the cement beds 0 of a course. The.

The firing is conducted in such g are thus dovetailed to the blocks of the, oppocold through the walls.

ment joints 2' of one layer of blocks are out of alinement with the correspoinding joints of the other layer of blocks.

Special forms of angle'blocks, such as 8,

. occupying the dovetailed sockets of the precan be provided at the corners'of the box or case. to join and lock the vertical walls together. Also, if desired, special forms of blocks, such as 9, can be provided to form door j ambs. and constitute the'same as interlocked partsof the case walls.

The blocks of each layer are cemented together as laid by the cement joints 2' and these joints'seal each layer (before the built up case is fired) and are continuous and preferably air tight, so that after the case has been fired and the cement fused,the

layer will be sealed againstair and liquid leakage bythe continuous lines of fused unions between the edges of the blocks of the layer.

If the expansion of the blocks duringthe step of firing the case is not sufficient to take care of the expansion of the air within the hollow walls, small air exhaust holes or perforationsll can be formed in the-blocks during the process of making the blocksfor escape of air from the wall interiors during the firing of the case; Before" the built up case is fired, these small holes can be partially plugged by pieces of the grog-like" cement .to permit escape of'air during the firing step. By the time the cement plugs fuse sufiiciently to seal said holes, theex- {cessive air pressure will be relieved. "Minus pressure within the hollow walls can thus be attained with the resulting advantage of increased resistance .to exchange of heat and I do not wish to limit my invention to the employment of hollow interlocking'tiles or blocks as I can employ solid earthenware or yitrified blocksjof approximately the same interlocking form shown, and "I particularly refer to solid blocks of porous or V pumice stone-like vitrified material.

The fusible cement can be employed in any desired quantities between the blocks to cover all adjacent ormeeting faces; and surfaces of the blocks and fillfall intervening spaces, or if found more desirable the close all outside joints at the meeting lines between blocks and between block ends.

It is evident that various changes, modifications and departures might be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of my inventionand hence I do not wish to limit myself to the exactdisclosures hereof.

What I claim is 1. The method of producing a stoneware body, comprising forming said body} by fitting together previously-finished stoneware blocks and sealing the joints between the same by fusible cement in a plastic state, and then firing the body as thus built to fuse the cement and thereby unite the blocks.

2. The method of producing a stoneware body substantially in one piece, wh1ch method embodies :-building up said body by an assemblage of previously-vitrified stoneware blocks laid in high fusing point cement, and then firing the body thus-built up to a temperature that will fuse said cement without breaking down the .blocks.

3. The method of producing a vitrified stoneware body, which comprises building up said body by fitting together stoneware blocks and sealing the joints between said blocks by a cement in a plastic state that fuses at a high temperature, and then eX- posing said body to a temperature that will fuse said cement without breaking down said blocks.

4. The method of producing vitrified stoneware box-like bodies, consisting essentially in forming a box-like body by fitting together previously finished vitrified blocks and sealing the joints between the blocks with cement that fuses at a temperature lower than the temperature at which the blocks fuse; and then firing said box-like body to a temperature that will fuse the cement, for the purposes substantially as described.

5. The method of producing stoneware bodies, comprising the following steps fitting together vitrified blocks to form the body and sealing the joints between. the

blocks by a cement that will set and temporarily hold the blocks against separation and that will fuse at a high temperature and unite the blocks to form a substantially one piece stoneware body; and then firing said built up body to a temperature that will fuse said cement.

6. The method of producing a stoneware body, which comprises fitting together hollow stoneware blocks to form parallel lay-' ers of blocks and interlocking the blocks of adjacent layers and sealing the joints between the blocks of each layer by a high fusing point cement; and then firing the box-like body having hollow insulating walls, which consists in. building up the body by fitting together hollow stoneware blocks laid incement, and then kilnfirin'g the body thus built up to a temperature that will fusesaid' cement without breaking 5 r 7 down the blocks.

8. The method of producing a stoneware body having a wall with interior closed insulating chambers, which consists in forming the body by fitting together hollow stoneware blocks laid in fusible cement and assembled to close the chambers formed by the hollow interiors of the blocks, firing the body thus built up to a temperature to fuse said cement, permitting escape of air from said chambers during firing, and sealsaid chambers by fused cement during ring.

9. A stoneware box-like structure having hollow insulating walls and composed of hollow stoneware blocks permanently united by fused cement sealing the joints between the blocks and uniting the blocks into a substantially one-piece structure.

10. A stone ware box-like structure composed of stone ware blocks permanently united by fused cement to form a substantiallyone-piece structure. 7 V

11. A stone ware box-like structure composed of super-imposed courses of hollow stoneware blocks, the blocks of each course interlocking and breaking joints with the blocks ofadjacent courses and permanently united with each other and the blocks of adjacent courses by fused cement, to form a substantially one-piece structure.

12. A stone ware box-like structure composed of inner and outer walls'of stone ware blocks permanently united by fused cement to form a substantially one-piece structure.

13. Astone ware box-like structure composed of inner and outer walls of hollow acter substantially as described, comprising bottom, top, and vertical front, back and side walls, composed of hollowsstone ware blocks permanently united by fused cement, and said walls permanently united. with each other by fused cement, to form a substantially one-piece structure. j

15. A structure of the character substantially as described, composed of finished hollow porcelain, or the like blocks, permanently united by fused cement comprising three parts grog thoroughly mixed With one and one half parts of red lead, mixed with a quantity of water glass.

16. A structure of the character substantially as described, comprising inner and outer walls composed of hollow stoneware blocks united by fused cement, said inner and outer walls so composed, interlocking and permanently united by fused cement sealing all the joints betweensaid walls and the blocks of which they are composed and tially as described, composed of hollow stone 15 Ware blocks having the air partially exhausted therefrom and sealed by fused cement, andsaid blocks permanently united by fused cement into a substantially one piece structure.-

EDWARD BOEHM, 

